Jan. 16, 2006

 

Life – Moksha – Sri Aravindam

 

God means traditionally one who grants our prayers. Only those temples that answer to this description are popular. This is an important aspect of worship but not in philosophy or yoga. The Life Divine was mainly addressed to the European intellect to give an outline or sketches of a new human discovery of the eternal godhead. The result was like the book of Copernicus on his system read by one whose ocular evidence was the sun goes around the earth. The Realities The Life Divine tries to describe are in a plane of Mind that Man does not know. Hence, the reputation of the Book as “unintelligible”. Charles Darwin who is the ruling deity of the evolutionary theory whose book was purchased by an anxious public on the day of its publication to the last copy, knocked his head against this phenomenon which remains unaddressed till today. His theory was of the evolution of the form while evolution is of the consciousness. Hence the unexplained gaps in the transformation of one species to another. The parts of a whole together do not make up the whole, as one cardinal element of how the parts should come together is missing. Life has evolved. Social life too has evolved. Scholars study the details of the parts such as population, migration, economy, war, government, etc.  The conception that the society is a whole is still not apparent. Hence phenomena of life such as terrorism, hippie movement, etc. constantly throw a surprise. Such surprises were always there in every period.

 

The institution of marriage held sacred for ages is being dissolved but what the woman represents to man remains a mystery.  In a higher plane of life which is truly a plane of spirit in life, there are no mysteries, nor unanswered questions. Philosophy has not solved the question of creation or the principle of determinism. Sri Aurobindo who could do such a lofty yoga as Rajya yoga in three days found the basis of Indian spirituality inadequate. He moved to an adequate basis in Supermind, apparently guided by Swami Vivekananda in the subtle plane.

 

  • Man lives in the partial planes of the vital and the mind.
  • His life exists in the whole plane of Life where consciousness and Force are one.
  • All his problems till now are NOT problems but conceptions of the partial instrument of the phenomena of the whole.

 

Any satisfactory comprehension of the Book demands a full understanding of this conception of the whole which occurs in all His chapters. Issuing out of this basic conception dealt from a dozen perspectives in the chapter ‘Brahman, Purusha, Ishwara’, there are 770 subordinate principles spread over 56 chapters. One of them is Oneness is not One. In all, there are 1452 valid ideas explained in 1452 paragraphs. The aim of this article is to present such ideas in their totality so that the reader of The Life Divine will not meet with one obstacle in the Book. Whether that totality can also be simplicity is the question. Some near analogies, if not apt examples can bring such simplicity in some measure. As these intricate phenomena are already half buried in our life, such an attempt may yield the expected result in some measure.

 

The example of parts and whole can be taken up for examination.

 

                The whole is greater than the sum of the parts.

 

Apparently, this is contradictory. Common sense dictates that when all the parts of a whole are put together, it must make up the whole. But, experience can be otherwise. A machine is made up of 275 parts. We can dismantle it into individual parts. In bringing them back together, we assume that it is assembled back into the same old machine. Well, we can collect all the 275 individual parts in a basket. And that will not make the machine. The machine has a form. The parts fit into each other in the pattern of that form. The parts are physical. The FORM is subtle, invisible. That form is in our mind. Here we are face to face with one mystery of life. In the parts becoming a machine the physical planes of the parts and the whole invisibly pass through the subtle plane. There is a reality in the subtle plane that determines the reality of the machine. Later in the Book, in describing the constitutional ignorance, Sri Aurobindo refers to this determinism which man overlooks. Constitutional ignorance is to separate the parts of the being. He says that that ignorance is not shed just by bringing the parts together, even all the parts, as that too misses the subtle parts of the being wherein the determinism dwells. Here we come across one shade of the truth we usually miss.

 

Philosophy speaks of good as the opposite of evil. This is simplicity itself. When philosophy goes further and speaks of GOOD that is not the opposite of evil, our intellect is confounded. It is called ‘Self-Existent Good’ and it is said in the higher consciousness of the higher world there is no evil, only the good. We call it GOOD. It looks irrational. We can concede the existence of a higher GOOD in a higher world, but we clearly see our sense of appreciation is left behind. We are told that it is a world of Light which is not the opposite of darkness, a world of joy that is not the opposite of pain. We are offered a world of conceptions we are not used to. They are Truth, Unity, Goodness, Knowledge, Power, Beauty, Love, Joy, Purity, Silence and Peace. The intellect is hard put but it is not utterly impossible for it to accept it. Then we come to infinity which is the opposite of finite. What about Infinity that is Self-Existent and not the opposite of the finite? He calls Infinity the boundless finite and describes it as Infinity that retains its infinite character in the plane of finite Time. Here is a rich field of confusion. Brahman is the Absolute. It is the Infinite that is Eternal. Brahman is without attributes of form or force. We are told that because it is without attributes, it is capable of creating anything and everything on earth. The comprehension of our intellect comes to an end. The subject matter of The Life Divine lies beyond this finite world. It is my pious hope to clear this confusion as much as possible, as He has given us several leads in the Book. In the measure this confusion is cleared, the Book will reveal itself to the reader.

 

The ancients discovered Brahman. It was the ultimate discovery of the human mind. It still remains so. To them, Brahman was Ineffable, Immutable, Akshara Brahman. It was Infinity and Eternity. It was featureless. They said it was incapable of determinism and therefore declared that the world was created by Mind. Sri Aurobindo too had this experience, early in His yogic life. But He could go beyond and see that all the above is only one side of Brahman. To Him, Brahman was mutable too. It was an Infinity that could take on features. It could determine though It is beyond any determinism. This experience of His too was another side of Brahman. In reality, Brahman was capable of both these statuses of being immutable as well as mutable. As the Rishis saw Brahman was Existence, Consciousness, Bliss, He too saw, but His experience discovered the fullness that Brahman was. He then saw that He had moved from Mind to Supermind. The Rishis even in Vedic times knew of the existence of Supermind  but had not risen to that plane to possess it as a human faculty. To Him, Mind was not the end. It could rise into what HE called Supermind. Man is not the end, the Supramental Being is the next species. Mind that is in Time can move to the plane of Timelessness. But Supermind is in a plane where Time and Timelessness co-exist. He called it simultaneous integrality of Time eternity and Timeless eternity. It is this plane that perceives the fullness of Brahman.

 

He explains in the latter chapters of the Book that Mind is a partial instrument. It was created for dividing things. It can see only a part of a whole and therefore Mind saw only one aspect of the Brahman and mistook it as the whole. To Him, Mind has a range. He calls it spiritual range of Mind. Our mind is a power of Ignorance which to arrive at an understanding resorts to thought devoid of sense impressions, though all its impressions reach it through the five senses. This is the human mind, the lowest level of Mind. This exists on the surface being in Time and is possessed by the ego as a finite. Above this surface mind lies the Higher Mind of Silence of the Muni, the Illumined Mind of the Rishi, the Intuitive Mind of the yogi and the Overmind of the gods. Below our surface mind is the Inner Mind that is in Timelessness and beyond it is the subliminal Mind that spreads all over the universe and beyond. It is a plane of Mind where the Superconscient and the subconscient meet. The psychic Being, the evolving part of the Immutable Soul is hidden in a cave in the subliminal mind. To understand the full range of Mind from the subliminal to the Supermind, their scope, the instruments they use, the popular terminology given to them, etc. will clear much of the confusion generally created.

 

As the Rishis found the Brahman passive, inactive, immutable, so they saw the Spirit, the inner subjective experience of Existence, inactive and incapable of movement or change or growth. To Sri Aurobindo, again, this too is a partial experience of the dividing Mind. He found the Spirit capable of movement as well as a moveless static status. In His fuller vision, He was able to see the Spirit in a greater role in evolution that is preceded by involution. He had this fuller vision because He had a fuller instrument of Supermind that the ancients never possessed. This enabled Him to declare a few things:

 

  1. Man is not the last species, but will be succeeded by the advent of the Supramental Being, a Purusha of the Supermind called by the Rishis vignanamaya loka.
  2. Time exists not in two dimensions, but there is a third dimension where Time coexists with Timelessness.
  3. Not only Time, but all planes exist in these three dimensions. (This fact is the real source of rich, varied confusion that confounds.)
  4. It is not Mind that has created the world, but Supermind.
  5. The determinant that defies the modern day scientist is not the Mind but Supermind. Really it is far beyond the Brahman.
  6. As His vision is from the Supermind and is of the Supermind, He was able to see the Process of Creation which eluded the Rishis.
  7. Contrary to the spiritual experience of the Rishis, He saw the Purusha and Prakriti as one, two expressions of one status.
  8. The Indian Mind that is more than wedded to the power of karma is to Him a victim of this partial vision. He declared that Man is not bound by karma, if he chooses to move to the Being.
  9. He was able to see the two devils of chance and necessity of earlier thinkers as expressions of the evolution of the finite into the Infinite.
  10. The cardinal venom of all those theoretical attempts – Evil – yielded to His wider perception and He proclaimed how evil dissolves.
  11. He made the profound discovery of the creation of the surface being and the surface mind as a narrow Time-bound phenomenon enjoying an additional aspect of inversion.

1.        All the yogas so far done, He said, were yogas of the surface mind.

2.        They were the yogic realisations of the ego.

3.        His basis is ego is to be dissolved, the surface is to be crossed to initiate Purna Yoga.

  1. He was even able to explain WHY Brahman set Himself on creation.
  2. As His philosophy and yoga are new, He has employed a new terminology. In fact, He tried His best to suit His new conceptions to old phrases, thus making an original linguistic evolution of expressiveness.
  3. This extraordinary, creative, literary, linguistic feat that is a wonderful efflorescence of thought has become a source of lack of clarity for the ordinary reader. This article endeavours to eliminate this aspect. At least it will minimise the obstacle.

 

This preliminary effort can be followed by a summary exposition of the various chapters or at least various sections of the text. The first of our exercises can be the three dimensions of existence. In His phraseology, we find the following concepts either exactly in these words or in phrases that mean as much. They are:

·         Silent activity

Sound of Silence

Noise of Silent Stillness.

·         Movement of Stillness

Movement of Status – Sthanu

·         Divided Unity

·         Self-multiplied Identical

·         Form of the formless

·         Dark light

·         Matter that is Spirit

·         Universal Individual

·         Subtle concreteness

·         Infinity of the infinitesimal

·         Part is great than the whole

·         The Inner that includes the outer

·         Determinism of the Indeterminable

·         Ascent in the descent

·         Descent in the ascent

·         Steadied lightning in the sky

·         The Eternal Individual

·         Ignorance that is greater than knowledge

·         The evolving soul

·         Freedom is the final law and the last consummation

·         Freedom that is free to lose its freedom – freedom in fetters

·         Knowledge that is work

·         The Undivine Divine

·         Memory of the future

·         Imagination that brings the future into the present

·         The ever-present moment

·         The moment of eternity

·         The point of infinity

·         The One that is the Many

 

 

All these concepts express one cardinal spiritual fact which is the idea of Infinity that never decreases or increases by subtraction or addition. That concept clears the mental horizon. Sri Aurobindo extends it to our human life which I term as practical concept of infinity. A full appreciation of infinity and its practical expressions will remove all the vestiges of lack of clarity.

 

These three statuses belong to three dimensions of Time. They are 1) Human time in ignorance of the lower hemisphere, 2) Timelessness of the higher worlds and 3) Simultaneous Time which is yet to be born on earth. The successive and processive action of Time is what we know. Any work of ours needs a certain duration and is punctuated by precise processes each succeeding the other. No work of ours is instantaneous. The Rishi lives in Timelessness while in Samadhi and is capable of invoking that dimension if he chooses. The seed he sows can sprout into a tree at once. Timelessness dispenses with the long duration Time needs but it does not dispense with the successive stages. In the Simultaneous Time, work in Time is done with the speed of Timelessness, abolishing space and Time. It does not need the process of successiveness. Successiveness becomes simultaneous there. In this transition, there are other casualties such as evil and karma. It is a world free of evil, death, karma, waste, punishment, ethics, pain, failure, etc., etc., all these phenomena are creations of ego in the plane of Time made possible by the divisive action of Mind. It is a perfect creation in the field of ignorance for the everlasting enjoyment of what He calls “Taste of Ignorance”.

 

The world knows of the higher hemisphere of Light and Love and the lower hemisphere of darkness and pain as planes of Timelessness and Time. The new spiritual experience of Sri Aurobindo is the new world not yet manifested seen by the new faculty of Man, Supermind. This new world includes both world and rejects none. Only that it raises both to a new greater height that is of fullness, wholeness, integrality, universality, etc. He describes this world in the last chapter “The Divine Life”. Non-perception of this new higher dimension in all our existence leads to unintelligibility of the Book The Life Divine. I hope to spotlight this aspect repeatedly by laying emphasis on these 29 phrases listed above. The principle is the same but the phenomena are different. Nor are they confined to these 29 items. In truth, it embraces every item of life however insignificant it really is. In my varied writings over two decades I have been speaking of these phenomena not so much in their aspects of theory, as in their practical manifestations such as prayers, yield:

 

·         Final results in the beginning;

·         solutions to our problems defying laws of the government, laws of life and laws of Nature;

·         results almost resembling materialisation;

·         benefits unimaginable as well as inconceivable, as copious ground water in a desert;

·         universal results for individual acts;

·         impacts on human nature so as to make it turn around 180 degrees, as the Americans are fond of saying;

·         infinite results for finite actions;

·         Divine JOY for acts that are apparently anti-divine.

 

Silent activity, sound of Silence, noise of silent stillness

 

We know the silence of the mouth, the silence of thought, the silence of mind, the silence of Being, the silence that arises by the absence of thought. He adds the Silence that arises out of the absence of activity and calls it Silence and goes on to say there is a Silence behind silence. Having said that much, He declares Silence sustains activity. Theoretically, the activity needs a base in consciousness. It is of Silence. Anyone who has made substantial progress in yoga, He says, knows that enormous energy wells out of such Silence. We know Silence is the opposite of noise, thought, speech, etc. It is true. It is equally true that all activities well out of Silence. So there is a silence with a small ‘s’ which is the opposite of noise, thought, speech, etc. And there is a Silence with a capital ‘S’ which includes silence and its opposite. This world is seen only by the Supramental Time vision and exists in the plane of Time called Simultaneous integrality of Time-eternity and Timeless eternity.

 

We know of silence often in meditation, on Darsan days, our own birthdays. Sometimes, for no reason, we see the Silence deepening and taking possession of our whole being. Surely this is the Silence of the third dimension of Time. It is Supramental Silence which is the beginning of the birth of Supramental love. This Silence makes the activity powerful, instantaneous in producing results. This is the gift of Sri Aurobindo to humanity.

 

Movement of Stillness – Movement of Status – Sthanu

 

Of infinity it is said that it never moves but is always ahead of you. It is a movement ahead of us while it never stirs. In Sanskrit it is called sthanu. Sri Aurobindo cites the running train in which we sit. Watching the telegraph posts outside, the posts seem to run while the train gives the feeling it is still. When the spokes of a fast rotating wheel move faster than our persistence of vision, we feel the discontinuous spokes as a continuous disc. Existence is moving at a speed greater than light all the time giving the appearance of stillness. When two trains run on parallel lines, we feel both are still. Their movement is unperceived by our consciousness.

 

Divided Unity

 

Unity and division are opposite concepts as well as opposite realities. When aspects are divided, the object is not. One who occupies three posts has three powers, not three persons. The One is divided by the dividing mind into the Many. To the Mind, they are distinctly separate, disparate, but Supermind sees no division of substance. It only perceives division of consciousness. The father is a brother and is also a son to his father. He has three different relations, not three different persons. In philosophic language, we say there is the unity that is the opposite of diversity and there is the self-existing UNITY which has no opposing phenomenon. In the cinema the film is not a continuous movement. The film catches in distinctly separate plates different ‘stills’. Run on the wheel at a certain speed, the screen produces the original movement. In the film, there is the division. Neither on the screen nor in real life is there division. Unity is real which is capable of appearing divided as well as united.

 

Self-multiplied Identical

 

This is similar to the One and the Many. We speak. Our speech is one, but its expressions are many. With different people we speak differently, but all is SPEECH. One speech expresses itself as several conversations. The words are many but the speech is one. Man is One, but he varies as American, Canadian, Indian, Chinese or Japanese. The multiplying number of varieties does not rob Man of his character of being human. A road is a phenomenon. And there is an infinite variety of roads. Such a rule applies to all phenomena of the world. The oneness is impersonal. The individual particularity is one form of the variety. The Upanishads said, “This boy, this girl, this tree are all Brahman”.

 

Form and the Formless

 

We know they are opposite phenomena, but we miss seeing the fact that formlessness is the parent of Form. It is the formless state that enables the form to arise. Gold is formless. The jewel’s form issues out of the formless gold. So, formlessness contains the form as well as its opposite. In a higher sense, formlessness is the higher dimension in simultaneous Time that contains form and formless ness. The tree has a form. The mud gives birth to the form of the tree and in that sense it is its opposite. In a higher sense, Mother earth, which we call mud and dirt contains the form of the tree as well as the formlessness out of which the form of the tree issues. Speech has a form, but not mere sound. Hence we can say,

                                                Speech   x   sound,  as well as

                                                Sound is the source of speech and its opposite.

 

Darkness and Light

 

To us, darkness is absence of light. The spiritual truth about darkness is it is greater denser light. Even the physicist says the dark surface absorbs all the light without reflecting even a part of it. Mother says before spiritual light sunlight is pitch dark and before spiritual darkness our darkness is as bright as midday. Sunlight is not the original pure light. It is light reflected in Matter, called material light. Consciousness becomes knowledge which in its next stage is light.

  • There is light that is the opposite of darkness.
  • There is self-existent light in the higher dimension where no darkness is possible.

 

Matter that is Spirit

 

Chapter 2 of the first book is Materialist Denial. The main argument here is Matter is the robe of the Spirit. Moving from intellect to consciousness, one sees Matter is a vibration of energy. He also, at that level, finds the Spirit is a vibration of energy. This occurs at the plane of cosmic consciousness. Hence Matter and Spirit are reconciled here. Further He explains here in this chapter how Matter and Spirit are reconciled in the transcendental consciousness.

  • He defines Matter as Spirit viewed by the Mind through its senses.
  • We know Matter. It is Sat in the higher world. In the third higher dimension we witness Matter is Spirit. It is a higher level of Matter. And Spirit too is evolved to a higher status here and remains the evolving Spirit.

 

Universal Individual

 

We know the Man, the citizen. He is confined to his own experience. Man extending his personality to society and life becomes vastly more informed and his knowledge then is universal. Both are conceivable. Man never loses his individuality. Having acquired universality Man’s individuality asserts now at the level of universality.  The individuality he lost in becoming universal he now endeavours to restore at the level of universality. He is the universal Individual, viswamanava.

  • There is individuality at all levels.
  • \Individuality in ignorance is ego.
  • Individuality in knowledge is Purusha.
  • Individuality in the universal is World-Purusha, Viswamanava.
  • Individuality in transcendence is the Eternal.

 

We move in evolution from ego to the transcendent Eternal via the World Purusha. The Eternal, please note, is not the unevolving Spirit, the Immutable Spirit. It is evolving, called the evolving Spirit, the Psychic Being.

 

 

 

 

Subtle concreteness

 

Iron is strong, concrete. New alloys are formed for greater strength. When a stronger material emerges, it is found to be light. A famous metallurgist said that the stronger a metal is, the lighter it is. A metal rod beats the flesh and inflicts a severe wound. Mantra is subtle. It too can inflict a wound. One can cure the wound in the flesh, not what is caused by the subtle mantra. As the evolution proceeds, concrete material becomes subtle material. The subtlety includes the concreteness at its higher level. Mantra can be harmful as well as beneficial. A boon is given in words. Its power is greater than material benefits, vastly.

 

  • A piece of metal is gross material.
  • Sat is Spiritual matter and is subtle.
  • The evolving Sat is Supramental matter and is more than subtle, causal, inclusive of the two earlier stages.
  • Metal is in Time.
  • Sat is in Timelessness.
  • The evolving Spirit – Sat – is in simultaneous Time.

 

What Sri Aurobindo offers to the world is a New World free of death, suffering, karma, etc. It is attained by Man rising from mind to Supermind. Sri Aurobindo says that the change arrives by a reversal of consciousness. The hunter became a cultivator producing his own food grains. He is now producing in a vast greater abundance what Nature was so far producing. It is an advance. He reverses his role from gathering what Nature offered to producing it himself. Man, by long experience, became a leader. He led others physically. Man discovered education. What leadership he attained at a ripe old age by experience, he acquired early in life by training and education. He gives himself what life was giving him so far. It is another reversal. Man produced goods, sold them for money and bought with that money other things. Later he invented credit. One got money without producing any goods. It is one more reversal of another type. Man produced anything for his own consumption. Later he devised trade. He now produced for sales. It is another reversal.

 

  • Man continually progresses.
  • Vertical progress occurs by a reversals.
  • There is no progress without a reversal.
  • The history of human progress is a history of a chain of reversals. Mother laughs at this phrase.
  • So far, Man reversed from physical to vital and from vital to the mental. The result is the present civilisation.
  • In the first, Man relived himself from physical drudgery and protected himself from physical dangers.
  • In the second, he fashioned new institutions of trade, money, education, politics, etc. and endlessly extended the scope of human life and created unheard of new comforts and facilities. The two most important advances are education and language apart from money.
  • The next reversal gave him his Mind. Now came science and all its wonders. Newer conquests were the order of the day as well as newer inventions. What remains to be conquered is death and evil. All the rest is being overcome in some substantial measure.
  • Sri Aurobindo offers the reversal of Spiritual consciousness. This conquers death and suffering apart from abolishing ALL problems of humanity so far left unconquered. This dissolves Evil by dissolving ego. Life is taken to a dimension of higher consciousness, and a new species, the Supramental Being will be born.

 

He who sees this new dimension in Time, Being, Consciousness, Ananda, Supermind, Mind, Life and Matter will have no single argument in this Book unintelligible. These points are the knots. Breaking these knots, the first major victory will be won in comprehending this Book. As said earlier, the other 1452 and 770 minor ideas are minor obstacles. Most of them will lend themselves to be solved by a good mental academic education. Others draw their difficulties from their relating to this higher dimension. Here I hope to handle some typical instances and hope to clear the way. I do not have in view handling every single difficulty.

 

This new dimension of life is reached by a new attitude, a new motive. They fashion themselves as strategies of understanding in reading and strategies in living in life. Grow by giving is one such. The physical vital man is possessive. He grows by taking. At the plane of Mind, growth demands giving. In Spirit, all growth is only by giving. Surely for a possessive physical man, this presents a difficulty. Even after giving up property, the mind refuses to give up its possessiveness. It is felt more in possessing a woman or man as wife or husband. Unless the society overcomes it, the individual is unable to do so. This book is meant for those individuals who have acquired this new dimension of thought and would prepare the society for that wider mission. These obstacles arising as mental phenomena stand in the way of comprehending these arguments. This article aims at clearing such impediments at the theoretical level, explaining them philosophically.

 

Infinity of the infinitesimal

 

The infinitesimal is the finite and is the opposite of the infinite. The mind is baffled at the thought of the infinity of the infinitesimal. The finite is in Time. The infinite is in timelessness. In the next higher plane of Simultaneous Time, the infinitesimal itself is the infinite. Theory says that the infinite converted itself into the infinitesimal. Or what is infinitesimal on the surface is really the infinite behind the surface.

 

The Part is greater than the whole;  the Inner includes the outer

 

To us, the inner and the outer are apart and are opposites. In theory, there is only inner and no outer. In the higher third dimension, the Inner includes the outer. That is why the inner is able to move the outer.

 

Determinism of the Indeterminable.

 

We can determine our acts. We cannot determine other acts. In the first chapter of the II Book ‘Cosmic Determinants’, He proves what is indeterminate to us is really cosmic determinants. The argument is extended to Sachchidananda and the Absolute. Thus, He proves His thesis that anything in this world is determined by the Brahman, the Absolute, while it is considered as indeterminable.

 

Tradition finds the Immutable Brahman incapable of any determinism. He goes further on to say the Brahman is Immutable a well as Mutable, as it chooses. What the tradition knows is the partial Brahman. The Fullness of Brahman is beyond and is capable of anything. We cannot attribute any incapacity to It. He meets the logic of the tradition saying that Brahman is not capable of determinism but is incapable of being limited or controlled by any other determinism. Hence in the title of the chapter, He calls it ‘Indeterminable’. This is the self-existing Infinity as against the infinity that is the opposite of the finite. Sri Aurobindo describes this infinity as ‘boundless finite’ and offers a theoretical explanation: Infinity is there in all planes, only that it takes on different hues in different planes. In a nation, the political WILL of the people is crystalised in the plane of political administration that is the government as constitution. In the legislature, that constitution becomes law while in the administration it becomes rule. In the various departments, the same undergoes another conversion and it is G.O., government order. Further down, it is procedure, custom, usage. The political will of the people and their constitution is met as G.O. and rules. The invisible determinism of the Indeterminable is the same as our own decision in ordinary activities. Thus the determinism and indeterminable are of the same plane.

 

Ascent and Descent

 

Man rising from his body to the Spirit via his vital and mental is ascent. He says when we reach the Supermind, it descends on all the planes of our being. It acts at every stage. When Man ascends from his body to his vital, his vital descends on his body and the descent is continued till the body is saturated with the vital. This occurs at all stages. In 1926, the Overmind descended into Sri Aurobindo down to His very cells. Thus it was called Siddhi Day. Even though He touched the Supermind in 1910, it took sixteen years for the Overmind to descend into Him. In the ascent, body is the lowest and Supermind is the highest. In the descent, Supermind begins and the descent is consummated at the body, thus making the Body the highest in the descent. Note as the descent occurs, each plane ascends. It is called ascent in the descent. What Mother called True Physical, baffling our comprehension, is the Physical that has received the Supramental force. There is the gross physical and subtle physical. Both are primary. The Physical becomes True when the Supermind descends and the subtle Physical matures into the causal plane.

 

Steadied lightning in the sky

 

In our life, lightning is for a fraction of a second. In the Third dimension of Time, there will be lightning steadied in the sky. It is a world of Marvel. There is no darkness there. We must be able to conceive of it. This is not the higher world of the cosmos. It is in the second dimension. This world I speak of is in the Simultaneous Time.

 

The Eternal Individual

 

We know our ego to be ourselves. In dissolving the ego, we find we are not dissolved. Only the ignorance of the ego is dissolved. When the dissolution of the ego is complete, we find the Purusha there. It is the world Purusha. The world Purusha individualises the world experience in us. It is done outside. Inside the same process reveals the Transcendent in us. That is, world Purusha outside is the Transcendent Purusha inside.

 

·         Ego is in Time, on the surface in ignorance.

·         Purusha is in Timelessness in the inner mind which is subtle and not spiritual, where ignorance remains.

·         The Eternal, the Transcendent Purusha is inside in the subliminal, in the simultaneous Time.

 

Ignorance that is greater than knowledge

 

Ignorance is a limitation of knowledge. For it to become perfect, it needs to be confined in scope. So a limited surface is created inverting the subliminal where Ignorance is made perfect by the combined action of mind, Time, ego, making it finite. As Ignorance is a later product than knowledge, it is greater than knowledge.

 

The Evolving Soul

 

This is a concept unknown to the tradition in whose perception the Soul is ineffable, immutable, without beginning or end. It is infinite. This is only one side of the soul. In a fuller view of the Supermind, Soul is seen in its fullness as the Spirit in a Being in creation. Sri Aurobindo calls His yoga the Yoga of Spiritual evolution. In His theory of creation, we find the Brahman becoming the world and emerging out of it. Spirit is only an intermediary term between Sat and Truth. The Prakriti too has a spirit involved in it. As the Prakriti moves, the hidden spirit there evolves. It is the Psychic Being. This creates the new dimension of Time known as simultaneous Time. This is called the evolving Soul, evolving into Sat and Brahman. Sri Aurobindo repeatedly says what issued out of Brahman as involution must return to Brahman through evolution. So far, involution alone was known. Evolution is a process and plane which Sri Aurobindo experienced for the first time.

 

Freedom is the Final Law

 

The freedom tradition knows is a freedom that stops short of the ultimate goal. To it, Sri Aurobindo adds one more dimension of a Freedom to lose its freedom. No one can deny the Absolute this freedom. It is by losing this freedom that the Absolute becomes the cosmos.

 

Allied to this conception is the determinism of the Absolute. While the tradition says the Absolute cannot determine because it is without attributes, Sri Aurobindo says the Absolute is beyond determinism in the sense that no determinism can control the Absolute. It is incapable of being determined by anything else.

 

Knowledge that is work

 

Knowledge is of the mind, work is of the body. Knowledge by itself will NOT be able to move work. There is a knowledge of the body indicated by No. 7 in our chart. Mental knowledge is in No. 1. If No. 1 reaches No. 7, knowledge of Mind becomes knowledge of work which means work moves. To win an election, to accomplish a project in the office or at home, this knowledge can be used. For that, the very first step is the conception of the MIND must be flawless, without gaps in understanding, logically valid and reasonable in all its premises. The moment it reaches this perfection it moves down to No. 4, the vital knowledge. In the vital, the knowledge has energy, relationship with the connected people and the knowledge of the sensation. This energy must be saturated, all the relationships with all the people must become harmonised and all the related sensations must be agreeable, preferably pleasant. At this point, it moves down to No. 7, in the physical, the knowledge seat. Here that knowledge is ORGANISED energy as skill. Possession of that skill and its presence in No. 7 moves the work at once.

 

The Theory is mental knowledge becomes perfect and moves into the 3rd dimension of Time when it becomes knowledge of the physical which is work.

 

The Undivine Divine

 

Brahman is a whole, creation is a whole, the infinite is a whole, the finite is a whole and everything is a whole. The divine and undivine are the divisions of the Mind. There is no real division Our body is a whole. Our being is a whole. There is no division in any of them. It has parts that are dirty which produce excrements. To us, they are undesirable, but they are indispensable for the existence of the body. The sewage of the town, the criminals of the society are unwanted for our mental understanding, but to a completer understanding they are essential. The undivine is in Time, the Divine is in Timelessness, the whole of life that is existence is in simultaneous time. This explanation answers incidentally the question of evil.

 

Memory of the future

 

It is almost a metaphor. Only when we conceive of the whole of which the future is a part, does its memory come into the picture.

 

Imagination that brings the future into the present

 

Sri Aurobindo defines imagination as the formulation of future possibility. Such a formulation makes its possibility greater. It is to bring the future into the present. The present maturing into ever-present takes the past and future into its immediate Present. This is to upgrade Time into Simultaneous Time.

 

The moment of eternity, the point of infinity

 

As in the ever-present, the entire eternity is compressed into one point called MOMENT. Similarly, the entire space is abridged into one point.

 

The above powerfully touches upon some points of the mystery, if not clearing them entirely. Basic familiarity with these thoughts will lessen the difficulties in comprehending the Book. Sri Aravindam is beyond Moksha. It is a condition attained by sacrificing Moksha. Asceticism shuns life. It considers life as its enemy. Sri Aravindam can be called transformation. He who seeks Moksha has no transformation. The human being is made up of four parts of which Spirit is the highest. The Spirit being the most refined finds itself burdened by the other darker parts. So tapas and yoga sought a way to separate the noblest part from the others and offer it freedom into the domains of the original Spirit, the Superconscient. By this, our best part is released and other parts remain in ignorance that is darkness. Transformation has another philosophy. All the parts of our being are fundamentally made up of Spirit out of which evolved the physical, vital and mental parts. Should we continue that evolution, SPIRIT too will emerge out of Mind and later vital and physical parts. This is evolution. Brahman that created the world has not stipulated moksha for its best part, but expected to emerge out of ignorance by evolution to its original status, thus giving it the joy it has sought in creation. This was the divine intention. So transformation gives up moksha which is attained by giving up life.

 

Having fashioned a new philosophy, He sought new terminology too. It is necessary for the reader to familiarise himself with all the terms of His philosophy. Self, Soul, being, Spirit is one such set of words. Our basis is the Absolute became the world. The Absolute became Sat, Existence, who became the Existent, Sat Purusha. The Existent created the world by objectifying itself, its subjective part being the Spirit and the objective part being the Truth. Cosmos above and the world below were created by the Spirit. Everything in it is Spirit. The Spirit in the universe is Spiritual substance. Knowledge and the Mind its instrument are the extension of the Existence. Viewed by the Mind through its senses, the Spiritual substance appears to be material substance out of which Matter is created by the divisive action of Mind. It is this secret of creation that Mind could not see and only the Supermind could see. In the chapter on Matter there is a brilliant exposition of this process and an able summary of it in the last para of that chapter. It is given below:

 

The Truth of Matter

 

·         There is a self-extension of being. It is conceptive.

Rather, there is a conceptive self-extension of the being.

·         It works itself out in the universe as substance. This substance is the object of consciousness.

·         This substance is represented by cosmic Mind and Life in their creative action. It is represented by atomic division and aggregation.

·         The result is called Matter.

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